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Fungi
Their fossils are difficult
to find, but fungi were definitely around 400 million years ago, already
forming associations with plant roots, and there are potential fossils
from 600 million years ago. Fungi include not only the familiar mushrooms,
but all sorts of single-celled forms, smuts, and a fungus forms part of
lichens as well.
 Although
they were once classified together with plants, fungi are definitely not
plants. One of the major differences is that they do not photosynthesize
(make sugars using the sun's energy), but feed by secreting enzymes onto
their food. Fungi play the role of decomposer, breaking down organic materials.
When they attack living organisms, they can be a serious problem; rusts,
smuts, athlete's foot and Dutch elm disease are all caused by fungi. They
are also used by humans for baking and brewing, and some species can be
eaten. Penicillin is produced by a fungus.
Estimates of the number of
fungus species are as high as 1.5 million, although only about 70 000
species have been identified. Fungi are divided into four groups, called
divisions. They are the Basidiomycota (mushrooms, boletes, rusts and smuts),
Zygomycota (bread molds), Ascomycota (cup fungi, morels, yeasts and sac
fungi), and Chytridiomycota (chytrids).
 Arrhenia
aursicalpium
Arrhenia
lobata
 Baeospora
myosura
 Admirable
Bolete Boletus mirabilis
Bryoglossum
gracile
Cantharellula
umbonata
 Chroogomphus
tomentosus
Chrysomphalina
aurantiaca
Collybia
bakerensis
Coprinus
martinii
Crepidotus
cinnabarinus
Crinipellis
campanella
Crinipellis
piceae
Crinipellis
setipes
Cyphellostereum
laeve
Cyptotrama
asprata
Galerina
paludosa
Gerronema
subclavatum
Heliocybe
sulcata
Hemimycena
tortuosa
Hypholoma
dispersum
Dispersed
Naematoloma Hypholoma flavifolium
Sandy
Laccaria Laccaria maritima
Sandy
Laccaria Laccaria trullisata
Indigo
Milky Lactarius indigo
Lentinus
tigrinus
Lepista
multiforme
Lyophyllum
gibberosum
Lyophyllum
palustre
White
Marasmius Marasmiellus candidus
Marasmiellus
filopes
Marasmiellus
papillatus
Marasmiellus
pluvius
Marasmius
androsaceus
Marasmius
epidryas
Marasmius
epiphyllus
Marasmius
pallidocephalus
Marasmius
plicatulus
Marasmius
pyrrhocephalus
Marasmius
salalis
Marasmius
tremulae
Melanotus
textilis
Mitrula
elegans
Mitrula
lunulatospora
Mycena
culmigena
Orange
Mycena Mycena leaiana
Mycena
lohwagii
Irregular
Earth Tongue Neolecta irregularis
Neolecta
vitellina
Neolentinus
kauffmanii
Omphalina
viridis
Panellus
longinquus
Panellus
violaceofulvus
Golden
Flase Pholiota Phaeolepiota
aurea
Phaeomarasmius
erinaceus
Phytoconis
ericetorum
Phytoconis
luteovitellina
Pleuroflammula
flammea
Liberty
Cap Psilocybe semilanceata
Resinomycena
acadiensis
Resinomycena
montana
Resinomycena
rhododendri
Resinomycena
saccharifera
Netted
Rhodotus Rhodotus palmatus
Stereopsis
humphreyi
Strobilurus
albipilatus
Strobilurus
occidentalis
Douglas-fir
Collybia Strobilurus trullisatus
Tetrapyrgos
nigripes
Tetrapyrgos
subdendrophora
White
Matsutake Tricholoma magnivelare
Xerula
furfuracea
Xerula
megalospora
Xerula
rubrobrunnescens
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