| Molluscs Snails 
        | Clams and Mussels | Amphineura 
        | Tusk Shells  The 
        Mollusca are an ancient group, arising over half a billion years ago and 
        dominated the oceans before the coming of fish. They soon diversified 
        and now include some of the best-known invertebrates: clams, snails, slugs, 
        squids and octopi are all molluscs.
  Their diversification has 
        led to an extremely varied set of body plans and lifestyles, from completely 
        armoured and virtually immobile filter-feeding clams to jetting carnivorous 
        squids. Molluscs originally had shells, but many groups have now severely 
        reduced or lost them, usually as they became more mobile. They are the 
        largest, fastest, and smartest invertebrates. 
        One hundred and ten thousand 
        species of molluscs exist today in seven classes: Cephalopoda (octopi, 
        squids, nautilus and cuttlefish), Bivalvia (clams and mussels), Gastropoda 
        (snails and slugs), Polyplacophora (chitons), Aplacophora, Monoplacophora, 
        and Scaphopoda (tusk shells). Canada has 1 500 species, mostly gastropods 
        and bivalves. 
          Snails 
        (class Gastropoda) 
        Order 
        Mesogastropoda  
         Brown 
          Mystery Snail Campeloma decisum 
  Ribbed 
          Valve Snail Valvata sincera sincera 
  Northern 
          Valve Snail Valvata sincera helicoidea 
  Loosely-Coiled 
          Valve Snail Valvata sincera ontariensis 
  Ordinary 
          Spire Snail Amnicola limosa 
  Riverbank 
          Looping Snail Pomatiopsis lapidaria 
  Great 
          Lakes Horn-Snail Goniobasis livescens 
  Lacuna 
          glacialis 
  Cingula 
          castanea 
  Trichotropis 
          borealis 
  Velutina 
          undata
 Order Basommatophora 
          Muskeg 
          Stagnicola Stagnicola arctica 
  Eastern 
          Physa Physa heterostropha 
  Umbilicate 
          Promenetus Promenetus umbilicatellus 
  Oval 
          Lake-Limpet Ferrissia fragilis Order Archaeogastropoda  
         Puncturella 
          noachina 
  Lepeta 
          caeca 
  Margarites 
          costalis
 Order Neogastropoda  
         Volutopsius 
          deformis 
  Admete 
          couthouyi 
  Thesbia 
          nana
   Clams 
        and Mussels (class Pelecypoda)   Order 
        Eulamellibranchia  
         Western-River 
          Pearl Mussel Margaritifera falcata 
  Pig-Toe 
          Fusconaia flava 
  Western 
          Floater Anodonta kennerlyi 
  Black 
          Sand-Shell Ligumia recta 
  Eastern 
          Elliptio Elliptio complanata 
  Olive 
          Hickory-Nut Obovaria olivaria 
  Arctic-Alpine 
          Fingernail Clam Sphaerium nitidum 
  Herrington's 
          Fingernail Clam Sphaerium occidentale 
  Globular 
          Pea Clam Pisidium ventricosum 
  Tiny 
          Pea Clam Pisidium insigne
    Class 
        Amphineura  Order Neoloricata  
         Tonicella 
          marmorea 
  Lophyrochiton 
          albus
    
        Tusk Shells (class 
        Scaphopoda)  Order Gadilida  
         Siphonodentalium 
          lobatum
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